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Intensive physical training induces NET release in athletes
Joanna Orysiak1, Jitendra Kumar Tripathi2, Klaudia Brodaczewska3
1Central Institute for Labour Protection-National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland. joanna.orysiak@ciop.pl.
Scientific Reports
|November 6, 2025
Summary
Intense physical training significantly increased neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release in ice hockey players. Mild upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) did not further impact NET release during training.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Immunology
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Intense physical training can impact athlete immune function.
- Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a role in immune response.
- Understanding NETs release during training is crucial for athlete health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of intense physical training on NETs release.
- To compare NETs release in URTI-free versus URTI-prone athletes.
- To assess the influence of mild URTI on NETs release during training.
Main Methods:
- Monitored 16 male ice hockey players during a national training camp.
- Collected blood samples pre- and post-training for immune and endocrine markers.
- Measured creatine kinase, white blood cells, cortisol, IgA, CRP, and NETs release.
- Tracked upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) occurrence via questionnaire.
Main Results:
- CK activity and uric acid levels significantly increased post-training.
- NETs release significantly increased in all athletes after training.
- No significant differences in immune/endocrine markers between URTI-free and URTI-prone groups.
- Mild URTI did not significantly affect NETs release during the training camp.
Conclusions:
- Intensive physical training alone can elevate NETs release in athletes.
- Athlete susceptibility to URTI did not alter training-induced NETs release.
- Further research needed on long-term implications of training-induced NETs.
Keywords:
Ice hockey playersInflammatory markersInnate immunityIntensive trainingMuscle damageNeutrophilsMore Related Videos
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