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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Eye01:20

Muscles of the Eye

The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and rotating...

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Extended Lower Blepharoplasty: How Much Skin Can We Resect?

Mariachiara Fabbri1, Marta Mariani2, Vittoria Murone3

  • 1Residency Program in Plastic Surgery, Università Cattolica del "Sacro Cuore", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy. mariachiara.fabbri01@icatt.it.

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
|November 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extended lower blepharoplasty effectively addresses lower eyelid skin laxity and midface aging by removing significant excess skin. This safe and effective technique maintains eyelid stability, offering a valuable alternative for periorbital rejuvenation.

Keywords:
BlepharoplastyFacial rejuvenationFestoonsLower blepharoplastyMalar bagsOculoplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Oculoplastic Surgery
  • Aesthetic Medicine

Background:

  • Lower eyelid blepharoplasty is a common procedure for periorbital aging.
  • Extended lower blepharoplasty incorporates midface rejuvenation for a comprehensive approach.
  • This study focuses on cases with significant skin redundancy and sagging (skin elastosis).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of extended lower blepharoplasty.
  • To assess the technique's ability to remove large amounts of excess skin.
  • To determine the maintenance of eyelid stability and complication rates.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing extended lower blepharoplasty (2013-2023).
  • Transcutaneous approach with subcutaneous and sub-orbicularis dissection.
  • Meticulous tissue repositioning and canthoplasty for structural support.

Main Results:

  • Average skin excision of 10 mm (range 6-16 mm).
  • Low complication rates observed.
  • Satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes reported in most patients.

Conclusions:

  • Extended lower blepharoplasty is safe and effective for significant lower eyelid skin laxity.
  • The technique successfully addresses midface aging concerns.
  • It offers a valuable alternative to traditional blepharoplasty by allowing substantial skin excision while preserving eyelid stability.