The Effect Of Visual Deprivation During Cognitive Motor Dual Task Training On Cognitive Function In Type 2 Diabetes...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is linked to cognitive dysfunction, and cognitive motor dual-task blindfold training (CMDBT) may enhance cognition by engaging procedural memory centers. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CMDBT combined with aerobic and resistance exercises on cognitive function in individuals with T2DM.

A single-center, parallel-group randomized controlled trial with pre- and post-intervention assessments was conducted. Sixty two adults with T2DM were randomly allocated to an experimental group (CMDBT plus moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance training; n = 31) or a control group (aerobic and resistance training only; n = 31). Both groups trained three times per week for 12 weeks. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at baseline and after the 12-week intervention.

Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between groups (all p > 0.05). After 12 weeks, the experimental group showed a mean MoCA increase of 3.32 ± 1.74 to 29.13 ± 0.76 (p < 0.0001), exceeding the minimal clinically important difference of 2.3 points, whereas the control group improved by 0.94 points (25.77 ± 1.45 to 26.71 ± 1.37; p = 0.0006). The adjusted between-group difference was 2.38 points (p = 0.0001), demonstrating a significantly greater cognitive benefit with CMDBT.

CMDBT combined with conventional exercises is more effective than CMDT or conventional therapy alone in enhancing cognition and in T2DM, supporting its integration into rehabilitation programs.