Microneedle Technologies for Cancer Diagnostics: From Fabrication to Biosensing

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Oncology

Background:

• Early cancer detection is crucial for patient survival, but current methods like biopsies are invasive and costly.
• Existing diagnostic tools lack continuous monitoring capabilities and real-time feedback for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review microneedle-based biosensors for early cancer detection and continuous monitoring.
• To explore materials, fabrication, and signal readout techniques for advanced microneedle diagnostics.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on microneedle materials (polymers, metals) and fabrication (micromolding, photolithography, 3D printing).
• Analysis of optical and electrochemical signal readout methods for biomarker detection.
• Examination of multiplexed analysis and continuous monitoring capabilities.

Main Results:

• Microneedle biosensors provide a minimally invasive alternative for accessing body fluids to detect cancer biomarkers.
• Various materials and fabrication techniques enable versatile microneedle design.
• Optical and electrochemical methods offer sensitive and specific detection of analytes.

Conclusions:

• Microneedle technology shows significant potential for precise, continuous, and non-invasive cancer diagnostics.
• Further research is needed to overcome current limitations and enhance clinical translation.
• Microneedles represent a promising platform for early cancer detection and personalized monitoring.