High Voltage, High Stakes: Assessing Cardiovascular Effects of Electromagnetic Fields From Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly adopted worldwide as a sustainable alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles. Alongside their environmental advantages, concerns have emerged regarding the potential health impacts of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure generated by EV components and charging processes. This review aims to summarize current evidence on cardiovascular effects associated with EMF exposure from EVs. Relevant studies from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SCOPUS were evaluated for EMF exposure levels, cardiovascular outcomes, and potential interference with medical devices. Most studies confirm that EMF exposure from EVs remains within international safety standards. Some findings suggest possible biological effects, including oxidative stress and subtle electrocardiogram alterations, though no significant electromagnetic interference has been observed in patients with cardiac implants. Overall, no immediate cardiovascular risks have been identified. Nonetheless, the long-term effects of EV-related EMF exposure remain uncertain, highlighting the need for further longitudinal studies to assess chronic exposure and its potential consequences to support the development of comprehensive safety guidelines.