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Sleep Health and Associations With Early Cardiovascular Risk in U.S. Collegiate Female Athletes.

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JACC. Advances
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Sleep apnea and poor sleep quality are common in female collegiate athletes. Higher lean mass and arterial stiffness are associated with sleep apnea in this population.

Keywords:
arterial stiffnesscardiovascular riskfemale athletessleep apnea

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Sleep apnea is prevalent in male athletes and linked to cardiovascular risk.
  • Data on sleep apnea prevalence and outcomes in female athletes is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess sleep health in U.S. collegiate female athletes.
  • To examine associations between sleep apnea and cardiovascular risk markers.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 68 female collegiate athletes.
  • Home-based sleep studies and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index surveys.
  • Echocardiography and vascular applanation tonometry for cardiovascular assessment.

Main Results:

  • 25% of athletes had mild sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index ≥5).
  • 36% reported poor sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5).
  • Sleep apnea was associated with older age, higher lean mass, and increased arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity).

Conclusions:

  • Poor sleep health, including sleep apnea, is common in female collegiate athletes.
  • Lean mass independently predicted sleep apnea.
  • Further research on sex-specific differences in sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular outcomes in athletes is needed.