Frequency of Entamoeba gingivalis and trichomonas tenax with hematological and immunological changes among human

Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax are mouth parasites cause periodontitis and gingivitis. They are common in people having poor oral hygiene. The aim of this study is to assess the rate of E.gingivalis and T.tenax, associated risk factors, and examine their effects on blood indices, interleukin 2 (IL-2), and interleukin 4 (IL-4) among participants.

A total of 600 subjects were recruited, including 325 males and 275 females. Oral swabs and blood samples were collected, the swabs were cultured to diagnose the parasites, while blood samples used to measure the blood parameters, IL-2, and, IL-4 among individuals.

The overall prevalence of E. gingivalis and T. tenax 31.6 % and 16.7 %, respectively. The maximum infection was recorded among males, rural residents, those aged 35-54 years, and of primary education, 58.6 %, 51.0 %, 44.8 %, and 37.9 %. Significant decrease was noted in red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentrations, and platelets count. While a significant increase was observed in white blood cells, neutrophils, and the levels of IL-2 and IL-4 in patients compared to the control group.

The patients should be screened for blood analysis to get early therapy. Further studies are needed to confirm these outcomes.