Coronary angiography-based wire-free FFR methods

Wire-free fractional flow reserve (FFR) methods derived from coronary angiography offer a less invasive alternative to pressure-wire physiology assessment of intermediate coronary stenoses. During the last decade, several methodological approaches have shown strong correlation and high diagnostic accuracy compared to FFR values. However, clinical outcome studies are limited and widespread use of the wire-FFR computational methods is still lacking in routine patient management. In this review, we summarize the main technical characteristics of the available methodologies and focus on the clinical applications presenting the diagnostic performance according to various patient and anatomic subsets.