3D Printing in Pharmaceuticals: A Mini Review of Materials, Techniques and Challenges

The production procedures for pharmaceuticals and medical equipment have advanced significantly in recent years, especially considering the current pandemic and supply chain disruptions. Actually, 3D printers are a cutting-edge technology that enables its fabrication, such as custom-fit materials, equipment, and body parts, as well as meeting private patient requirements for certain conferences. As it gives a novel idea for delivery systems and technologies, 3DP is a sophisticated tool for creating straightforward, precise, affordable, organized, and customized DDSs. Recent examples of 3DP in the pharmaceutical industry include MNs, personalized ear treatment implants, oral dosage forms, contact lenses, drug-eluting implants for cancer purposes, and customized medical equipment (such cardiac implants and catheters).Using online computer-aided design (CAD) software to create a 3D model is the first step in 3DP. A 3D object is subsequently generated utilizing layer-by-layer (LBL) printing and a range of free software tools that can be found online. These techniques make the ongoing demand of manufacturing system potential. The 3D printing technology which is also referred as additive manufacturing, has adapted and transformed into a revolutionary tool in the field of pharmaceutical sciences, by providing earlier hidden potential for device development, personalized treatment and formulation of medication. This article covers how 3D printing technology can be used in pharmaceutical utility, focusing on how technology could modify dosage forms, drug delivery systems, and the ability to modify medications as per the need of an individual patients. The technology is discussed, along with different techniques such as fluid deposition modelling, binder jetting, stereolithography, selective laser sintering. The challenges faced while manufacturing are also discussed below. The article also highlights the emerging role of 3D printing in improving therapeutic outcomes, optimizing drug release profiles, and facilitating cost-effective manufacturing of personalized treatments.