Laser Photobiomodulation of Human Dermal Fibroblasts Combined With Plasma Rich in Growth Factors and Platelet-Rich...

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) are autologous preparations widely applied in regenerative medicine because of their potential to enhance tissue repair and cellular activity. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has also been reported to promote fibroblast proliferation and mitochondrial activity. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of PRP, PRGF, and LLLT on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFCs).

HDFCs were cultured and treated with varying concentrations of PRP and PRGF. Cells were subsequently exposed to a gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) laser at 830 nm, 10 mW, continuous mode, for 90 s, 3 min, or 6 min. Proliferation, metabolic activity, and oxidative stress were evaluated using MTT, ATP, and ROS assays at 24 h and 48 h.

A significant increase (p < 0.001) in proliferation and ATP production was observed in the PRP 30% and PRGF 60% groups after 90 s of LLLT. MTT values were 1.17 ± 0.00 and 1.39 ± 0.05 at 24 h, and 1.40 ± 0.04 and 1.62 ± 0.01 at 48 h, respectively. ATP levels reached 6710.33 ± 59.72 and 18,709 ± 535.29 RLU at 24 h, and 8202 ± 333.39 and 22,272 ± 839.64 RLU at 48 h, compared with control (1005 ± 52.92 RLU). No significant differences in ROS activity were detected among most groups, although PRGF 70% showed elevated ROS with and without laser irradiation.

PRP and PRGF synergistically enhanced fibroblast proliferation and metabolism when combined with LLLT. PRGF consistently demonstrated greater effects compared with PRP. Optimal stimulation was achieved with 90 s of LLLT at 10 mW (3.78 J/cm²) combined with 30% PRP or 60% PRGF.