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SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Vaccine Development: A Focused Review
Alok Bharadwaj1, Geetanjali Hiremath2, Yogyta Thakur3
1Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
None:
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global health, society, and economies, prompting unprecedented investments in biomedical research and vaccine de-velopment. Leveraging knowledge from previous coronavirus outbreaks, scientists rapidly developed vaccine candidates aiming to elicit strong antibody responses and target alterna-tive receptor-binding motifs. Remarkably, the effectiveness of these vaccines exceeded in-itial expectations, playing a pivotal role in controlling the pandemic. This review explores the latest technological advancements in vaccine development, including mRNA plat-forms, viral vectors, and protein subunit approaches, and highlights the critical importance of the vaccine development process. We analyze challenges encountered during the pan-demic, such as disease prevention, variation in prophylaxis, and rapid clinical evaluation. Insights gleaned from the literature on vaccine research, development, and drug testing provide a foundation for improved strategies in addressing future pandemics and shaping our responses to upcoming public health emergencies.
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