Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
Published on: August 30, 2018
Performance of Trigger Tools in Identifying Adverse Drug Events in Emergency Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective
Nandini Prakash1, Adusumilli P Kumar2, Aruna C Ramesh2
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Aim:
To investigate how well trigger tools function while evaluating adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among patients in emergency intensive care units (EICUs) and to assess the sensitivity of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement: Global Trigger Tool (IHI: GTT) for reporting adverse drug events among patients admitted to EICUs.
Methods:
A prospective, continuous, single-center research study was conducted for 9 months in the Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine. Triggers were defined based on the IHI GTT and Menat trigger tool. Each flagged case was reviewed for 15 minutes, which provides an equitable balance between efficiency and thoroughness to confirm the presence of an ADR. Performance metrics were calculated and analyzed.
Results:
Three hundred medical records were collected, and 167 cases were randomly analyzed using 87 triggers. The prevalence of ADRs was 28%. The trigger tools showed 83.8% sensitivity and 48.7% specificity. The results indicated that the negative predictive value was 92.3%, while the positive predictive value was 72.9%.
Conclusion:
Trigger tools are a useful way to identify ADRs, even though issues with specificity and false positives still exist. Further improvements in technology and ongoing development will probably make these instruments even more effective and efficient in the dynamic environment of EICUs.
How To Cite This Article:
Prakash N, Kumar AP, Ramesh AC, Boopathi D, Deepalaksmi M. Performance of Trigger Tools in Identifying Adverse Drug Events in Emergency Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Observational Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(10):861-864.
More Related Videos
07:31Implementation of a Real-Time Psychosis Risk Detection and Alerting System Based on Electronic Health Records using CogStack
Published on: May 15, 2020
10:38Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies
Published on: January 16, 2019
Related Concept Videos
Pharmacovigilance
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Drug Analysis Methods
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care