Earth Grid: Toward a low-carbon energy infrastructure

With fossil fuels as a major global energy source and their associated carbon emissions impacting the climate, there is an urgency in transitioning to carbon-free energy sources (CFESs) such as nuclear and renewables (solar, hydroelectric, and wind). The need for an updated electric power transmission and distribution system arises due to the variable loads and geographic diversity of renewable energy sources. This perspective explores the idea of the "Earth Grid," which proposes an intercontinental electric grid facilitated by three technological advancements: enhanced information and communication technology (ICT) applications in the electric grid, development of inter-country grids for power-sharing, and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) for efficient operation and maintenance. Further, the article discusses the need for a collaborative effort on the global stage to transform the existing electricity generation, transmission, and distribution sector to create a globally interconnected carbon-neutral Earth Grid infrastructure for accelerated carbon-free energy access for all.