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Assessing the Multiple Dimensions of Engagement to Characterize Learning: A Neurophysiological Perspective

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Using entropy weight method and quality function deployment to develop emotion-driven dashboard interfaces for NEV.

Xinwei Guan¹, Lin Li², Jinchi Fu¹

¹Key laboratory of Ministry of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.

Scientific Reports

|November 10, 2025

Summary

This study introduces a framework for designing New Energy Vehicle (NEV) dashboards that prioritize user emotions for enhanced satisfaction and safety. The research found that

Keywords:

Dashboard interface design Emotion-driven design Entropy weight method (EWM)Kansei engineering New energy vehicles (NEVs)Quality function deployment (QFD)

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Area of Science:

Human-Computer Interaction
Automotive Design
User Experience Research

Background:

New Energy Vehicles (NEVs) require dashboard interfaces that balance critical information delivery with emotional engagement.
Existing NEV dashboard designs may not adequately address the emotional needs of drivers, impacting user satisfaction and safety.
A systematic approach is needed to integrate user emotions into the dashboard design process.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a structured framework for embedding emotion-driven requirements into NEV dashboard design.
To identify and prioritize key emotional dimensions influencing driver perception of NEV dashboards.
To translate prioritized emotional needs into specific, actionable interface design attributes.

Main Methods:

Utilized a mixed-methods approach combining online surveys, expert interviews, and questionnaires.
Employed the Entropy Weight Method (EWM) to quantify the importance of emotional dimensions.
Applied Quality Function Deployment (QFD) to translate emotional requirements into design specifications.
Conducted exploratory factor analysis to identify principal emotional dimensions (Pleasant, Technological, Stylish, Minimalist).

Main Results:

Identified 'Pleasantness' as the highest-priority emotional dimension for NEV dashboard design.
Quantified the relative importance of four key emotional dimensions: Pleasant, Technological, Stylish, and Minimalist.
Translated emotional priorities into concrete design attributes such as color contrast, iconography, typography, and layout.

Conclusions:

The developed EWM-QFD framework provides a data-driven method for aligning emotional user needs with NEV dashboard design.
The framework facilitates the creation of emotionally resonant and user-centered interfaces, enhancing the overall driving experience.
This approach offers valuable guidance for designers seeking to improve NEV dashboard usability and emotional appeal.