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Admission hyperglycemia increases risk of UTI in acute pancreatitis: a dose-response and PSM-based analysis

Wanyun Tang1, Yan Sun2, Runzhuo Li3

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, China.

European Journal of Medical Research
|November 11, 2025
PubMed

Insights

High blood sugar on admission increases urinary tract infection (UTI) risk in acute pancreatitis (AP) patients. Managing blood glucose may lower UTI rates and improve outcomes for this group.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious condition with potential complications.
  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common hospital-acquired infection.
  • The relationship between admission hyperglycemia and UTIs in AP patients requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between admission hyperglycemia and the incidence of UTIs in patients with AP.
  • To provide evidence for the importance of blood glucose monitoring and management in preventing UTIs in AP patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 728 AP patients was analyzed.
  • Patients were categorized into hyperglycemia and normoglycemia groups based on admission blood glucose levels.
  • Propensity score matching (PSM) and multivariable logistic regression were employed to control for confounding factors and assess UTI risk.

Main Results:

  • Patients with admission hyperglycemia had significantly higher UTI rates compared to normoglycemic patients, both before (28.4% vs. 7.9%) and after PSM (18.7% vs. 8.3%).
  • Admission hyperglycemia was identified as an independent risk factor for UTIs in AP patients (OR=2.51 post-PSM).
  • A dose-response relationship was observed between admission glucose levels and UTI risk.

Conclusions:

  • Admission hyperglycemia is a significant risk factor for developing UTIs in patients with acute pancreatitis.
  • A clear dose-response relationship exists, indicating higher glucose levels correlate with increased UTI risk.
  • Implementing enhanced blood glucose monitoring and management upon admission may be crucial for reducing UTI incidence and improving AP patient prognosis.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute pancreatitisAdmission hyperglycemiaDose–response relationshipPropensity score-matching

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