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Related Concept Videos

Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors01:17

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A survey team is tasked with determining the elevation difference between points Point A and Point B, separated by uneven terrain. They use a leveling instrument and a leveling rod.Common MistakesMisreading the Rod: During a backsight reading at Point A, the instrumentman observes the rod partially obscured by tall grass. Instead of reading 1.135 m, they mistakenly record 1.735 m due to the misalignment of the crosshair with the wrong graduation. This error adds 0.600 m to all subsequent...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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Hidden far-field beam profile artifacts in wide-angle radiometric goniometry.

Sara A Łukasik, Łukasz A Sterczewski

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    |November 11, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    Accurate far-field measurements are crucial for photonic devices. This study introduces a scanning radiometer and calibration method to prevent misidentifying laser modes due to misalignment, ensuring precise analysis.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Waveguide Optics
    • Optical Engineering
    • Laser Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Far-field intensity patterns are key for characterizing photonic devices and wave propagation modes.
    • Analyzing subtle waveguiding effects using wide-angle far-field profilometry presents experimental challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a compact and practical scanning radiometer for complete 2π sr far-field intensity measurements.
    • To address the challenge of accurately characterizing far-field profiles, especially concerning subtle waveguiding effects.
    • To propose a calibration method to prevent misinterpretation of laser modes caused by experimental misalignment.

    Main Methods:

    • Investigated a compact scanning radiometer geometry for comprehensive far-field intensity distribution measurement.

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  • Studied the impact of axial misalignment and tilt on far-field measurements.
  • Developed and applied a variance-based instrument calibration procedure.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated a scanning radiometer capable of complete 2π sr far-field measurements.
    • Identified that minor axial misalignment or tilt can lead to misclassification of fundamental mode lasers as higher-order mode devices.
    • Successfully obtained accurate high-resolution far-field profiles of a ridge-waveguide semiconductor laser using the proposed calibration.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed scanning radiometer geometry is practical for complete far-field analysis.
    • A variance-based calibration is essential to avoid erroneous mode identification in the presence of misalignment.
    • Accurate far-field profilometry is achievable for photonic devices, enabling reliable characterization of waveguiding properties.