Exploring Health Literacy Needs in Different Stages of Older Patients with COPD: An in-Depth Qualitative Study

As the incidence and recurrence rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among older people continue to rise globally, it is essential to understand the health literacy needs of these patients at various stages of the disease. Health literacy is closely linked to the risk of COPD onset and recurrence. However, there is a notable deficiency in research that specifically addresses the health literacy requirements of this population across different disease stages.

This study aimed to investigate the health literacy needs of older patients with COPD across various stages of their disease trajectory.

Utilizing a timing framework, purposive sampling was conducted from July 2023 to March 2024, selecting participants from Shanghai Chest Hospital. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted, and thematic analysis was employed to interpret the data.

A total of 28 participants completed the interviews, comprising 18 males and 10 females. Based on timing theory, these findings identified four themes: 1) Diagnostic period: Limited ability to acquire disease information, psychological support, and change unhealthy lifestyles, 2) Treatment period: therapeutic information support and efficient care, 3) Discharge preparation period: specific health guidance and a promising life plan, 4) Home recovery period: self-management, continuous healthcare support, and balancing self-discipline with external discipline.

The health literacy needs of older patients with COPD varied across different stages of the disease. Healthcare professionals should develop individualized health literacy interventions that are tailored to the specific needs and characteristics of individuals at different stages of their health journey.