[Current research progress and prospects in neoadjuvant therapy for prostate cancer]

Prostate cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor in the urinary and male reproductive systems, with its incidence on the rise. In China, most patients are first diagnosed at an advanced stage, missing the window for surgical intervention. Over the years, there has been a continuous evolution in the exploration of neoadjuvant therapy for prostate cancer. Currently, several neoadjuvant approaches have been established, such as neoadjuvant endocrine therapy based on androgen deprivation therapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and neoadjuvant combination therapy. These therapeutic regimens have been shown to enhance pathological responses, including pathological downstaging rate, thereby offering new hope for patients with high-risk localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. However, it remains to be seen whether these therapies can demonstrate a clear advantage in extending overall survival and metastasis-free survival. Further research is necessary to delve into the efficacy differences and safety concerns of these therapeutic approaches.