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ADHD and Sex Differences in School Bullying Victimization and Perpetration Based on Inverse Probability Treatment
Donghyeon Kim1, Yoon Hee Choi2, Joonbeom Kim3
1School of Social Welfare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) face higher bullying risks, with distinct patterns in boys and girls. Interventions must consider sex-specific needs for emotional regulation and social skills.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Developmental Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is linked to increased bullying vulnerability in adolescents.
- Existing research suggests potential sex-specific differences in these associations, but further investigation is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sex-specific patterns of school bullying victimization and perpetration among adolescents with ADHD symptoms.
- To analyze the relationship between ADHD symptoms and various forms of bullying, considering gender differences.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 2021 Korean National Survey on Mental Health of Youth (N=6,689 adolescents, ages 12-18).
- Employed inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) for adjusted analysis.
- Conducted logistic regression to examine associations between ADHD symptoms and bullying behaviors, stratified by sex.
Main Results:
- Female adolescents with ADHD symptoms had higher odds of overall victimization, teasing, and verbal bullying perpetration.
- Male adolescents with ADHD symptoms showed lower odds of social exclusion and sexual harassment victimization but higher odds of verbal abuse perpetration.
- Significant sex differences were observed in the types of bullying experienced and perpetrated by adolescents with ADHD.
Conclusions:
- Sex plays a critical role in the manifestation of bullying behaviors associated with ADHD in adolescents.
- Tailored, sex-sensitive interventions addressing emotional regulation and social skills are crucial for adolescents with ADHD.
- Findings emphasize the need for gender-informed approaches in school-based anti-bullying programs for this population.
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