Sonopsychology: integrating psychological awareness and patient-centered outcomes into ultrasound practice

Sonopsychology refers to the multidimensional psychological interactions occurring before, during, and after ultrasound examinations. While the psychological effects of radiological examinations are documented, the unique context of ultrasound, marked by real-time imaging and close examiner-patient interaction, has not received equivalent attention. This review explores the psychological dynamics in various contexts-radiology, oncology, and interventional ultrasound-highlighting key domains such as communication, emotional attunement, examiner self-awareness, and the influence of environmental and procedural factors. The concept of Sonopsychology emphasizes that ultrasound is not merely a diagnostic tool or processes but also a human encounter. By integrating emotional intelligence and relational competencies into routine practice, examiners can enhance patient satisfaction, trust, and even clinical outcomes. Ultimately, this integrative approach reframes performance assessment emphasizing patient-centered outcomes, moving beyond a solely technical evaluation.