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Anatomy of the Ear

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...

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"Association Between Ear Position in Microtia and Middle Ear Development in 3D CT Imaging."

Takashi Kurabayashi¹, Hirotaka Asato¹, Kimitaka Kaga²

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University; Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

|November 11, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The vertical position of the auricular concavity, a simple external landmark, strongly correlates with middle ear development in microtia patients. This finding aids in predicting surgical candidacy for hearing improvement.

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Plastic Surgery
Medical Imaging

Background:

A known link exists between microtia (ear deformity) and middle ear development.
However, some patients with severe microtia have well-developed middle ears, suggesting other factors are involved.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between external auricular anatomical features and middle ear development in microtia.
To identify a simple clinical predictor for middle ear development.

Main Methods:

3D CT scans of 221 auricles from 188 microtia patients were analyzed.
Auricles were classified based on the position of the "Auricular Concavity" relative to the zygion (upper vs. lower).
Jahrsdoerfer scores were compared between the two groups.

Main Results:

The upper auricular concavity group showed significantly higher mean Jahrsdoerfer scores (8.1) compared to the lower group (4.2).
This indicates a strong association between the auricle's vertical position and middle ear development.

Conclusions:

The vertical position of the auricular concavity is a significant predictor of middle ear development in microtia.
This simple, non-imaging assessment can help identify patients suitable for middle ear reconstruction and facilitate early counseling.