[Progress in clinical research on nanophthalmos secondary angle-closure glaucoma]

Nanophthalmos is a rare congenital ocular disorder characterized by the reduction of both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, occurring without associated ocular malformations. This condition predisposes individuals to secondary angle-closure glaucoma, a leading cause of vision loss. Due to the rarity of nanophthalmos, current research is limited, primarily focusing on its clinical classification, genetic underpinnings, and complications. This review synthesizes existing literature on the pathogenesis, epidemiology, ocular parameter changes related to glaucoma, and surgical interventions for secondary glaucoma in nanophthalmic patients, emphasizing studies from the past five years to enhance understanding in clinical research and management.