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Artificial intelligence in orthopaedic education: a narrative review
Jan P Szatkowski1, Elliott Druten1, Chirag Soni1
1Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Annals of Joint
|November 12, 2025
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) enhances orthopaedic education through virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) simulations, offering personalized learning. Challenges include technology overreliance and curriculum adaptation for AI integration.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Artificial Intelligence
- Orthopaedic Surgery
Background:
- Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming medical education paradigms.
- AI applications like virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) simulations are increasingly used in orthopaedic surgery training.
- This review examines AI's role in orthopaedic education, including its benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore current applications of AI in orthopaedic education.
- To identify the benefits and challenges associated with AI integration in surgical training.
- To discuss future directions and ethical considerations for AI in orthopaedic learning.
Main Methods:
- A targeted literature review was conducted using PubMed, focusing on studies from 2023-2024.
- Search terms included "artificial intelligence", "orthopaedic education", and "surgical simulation".
- Studies were selected based on relevance to orthopaedic surgery education, skill acquisition, and curriculum development.
Main Results:
- Educators and learners show positive attitudes towards AI for safe surgical simulation and personalized learning.
- Current AI applications include VR/AR platforms for procedural training and intelligent tutoring systems for tailored feedback.
- Challenges include potential overreliance on technology, institutional readiness, and curriculum adjustments.
Conclusions:
- AI offers a transformative opportunity for safer, personalized, and efficient orthopaedic education.
- AI applications show promise in improving both knowledge and technical skills in orthopaedic surgery.
- Thoughtful integration and evaluation are crucial to maximize AI's educational value while addressing limitations.
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