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Factors Associated with Rotavirus Positivity in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis in Jharkhand, India (2019-2023)

Vidya Sagar1, Rishabh Kumar Rana2, Avinash Kumar3

  • 1Department of Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834009, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|November 12, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus diarrhea remains a significant threat to young children in Jharkhand, India, despite vaccination efforts. Surveillance identified key risk factors and prevalent rotavirus genotypes, informing ongoing public health strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health Surveillance
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Jharkhand, India, pioneered the introduction of the ROTASIIL vaccine to combat rotavirus diarrhea in children.
  • Rotavirus gastroenteritis continues to pose a substantial burden on child morbidity and mortality globally and in India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the burden of rotavirus diarrhea in hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE).
  • To identify risk factors associated with rotavirus positivity.
  • To determine the prevalent rotavirus genotypes in Jharkhand, India.

Main Methods:

  • A surveillance study of AGE was conducted in 12 health facilities across four districts in Jharkhand from 2019 to 2023.
  • Stool samples were collected and tested for rotavirus, with positive samples undergoing genotyping.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with rotavirus positivity.

Main Results:

  • Of 1,801 stool samples tested, 39.8% were positive for rotavirus, with highest prevalence during winter months.
  • Significant risk factors for rotavirus positivity included family size, paternal education, child's age, vaccination status, and length of hospital stay.
  • The predominant rotavirus genotypes identified were G2P[4] and G3P[8].

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus continues to be a major cause of gastroenteritis in children under five, especially infants, even with vaccination programs.
  • A potential decline in rotavirus positivity and shifts in genotype distribution suggest the positive impact of rotavirus vaccination.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute gastroenteritisJharkhandROTASIILRotavirusSurveillance

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