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Active nematic pumps.

Ignasi Vélez-Cerón1,2, Rodrigo C V Coelho3,4,5, Pau Guillamat6

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed self-powered microfluidic systems using active nematic gels and triangular obstacles. This innovation enables efficient cargo transport and mixing without external power sources, advancing microfluidic technology.

Keywords:
active fluidsflow controlmicrofluidicstopological defects

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Microfluidics Engineering
  • Active Matter Systems

Background:

  • Microfluidics traditionally relies on external power for flow control.
  • Active fluids offer chaotic flows, posing challenges for controlled micro-machine development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of triangular obstacles in active nematic gels to stabilize chaotic flows.
  • To develop self-powered microfluidic systems for cargo transport and mixing.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental realization of active nematic gels with triangular obstacles.
  • Computational simulations to analyze flow dynamics and symmetry breaking.
  • Performance analysis of active pumps for velocity and pressure.

Main Results:

  • Triangular obstacles locally break fore-aft symmetry in active turbulence.
  • Stabilized flow fields exhibit self-pumping capabilities.
  • Demonstrated wall-free, self-powered microfluidic systems for transport and mixing.

Conclusions:

  • Active nematic gels with tailored obstacles offer a novel approach to self-powered microfluidics.
  • This strategy enables precise control over active flows for microfluidic applications.
  • Highlights the potential of self-organized mechanodynamics in active fluids.