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Repeated fecal microbiota transplantation in dogs with chronic enteropathy can decrease disease activity and

Linda Toresson1,2, Ulrika Ludvigsson2, Gunilla Olmedal2

  • 11Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|November 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Repeated fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) effectively treated chronic enteropathy (CE) in dogs, particularly those with mild dysbiosis. This approach reduced disease activity and corticosteroid dependence in refractory cases.

Keywords:
bile acid dysmetabolismchronic enteropathycorticosteroidsdysbiosisfecal microbiota transplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Chronic enteropathy (CE) in dogs is a challenging condition often requiring advanced therapeutic strategies.
  • Refractory CE cases present a significant clinical need for novel treatment options.
  • Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is emerging as a potential therapy for gastrointestinal disorders by modulating the gut microbiome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of repeated fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as an adjunctive treatment for dogs with refractory chronic enteropathy (CE).
  • To assess clinical outcomes and fecal parameters, including dysbiosis index, bile acids, and calprotectin, following FMT.
  • To identify predictors of response to repeated FMT in dogs with CE.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective longitudinal observational study involving 39 dogs with refractory CE.
  • Dogs received 2 to 3 rectal FMTs over one month.
  • Clinical assessments using the Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (CIBDAI) and fecal analyses were performed over a 6-month period.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-eight of 39 dogs (71.8%) responded to FMT, with 13 achieving corticosteroid tapering.
  • Long-lasting responders (LLRs) had significantly lower baseline dysbiosis index and higher percentages of secondary unconjugated fecal bile acids compared to non-responders.
  • Dysbiosis index decreased significantly in LLRs after FMT, while clinical improvement was sustained for 6 months in this group.

Conclusions:

  • Repeated FMT serves as an effective adjunctive treatment for refractory CE in dogs, especially those with minimal or moderate dysbiosis.
  • Pre-existing marked dysbiosis and bile acid dysmetabolism may be associated with poor or transient responses to FMT.
  • Further investigation into optimizing FMT protocols, potentially including repeated administrations, is warranted for non-responsive cases.