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This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
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Multimachine stability analysis is crucial for understanding the dynamics and stability of power systems with multiple synchronous machines. The objective is to solve the swing equations for a network of M machines connected to an N-bus power system.
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Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
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A bi-objective robust fuzzy programming model to configure a microgrid-based cement supply chain.

Erfan Babaee Tirkolaee1,2,3, Hêriş Golpîra4, Salah Bahramara5

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey.

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This study introduces a robust fuzzy optimization model for sustainable cement supply chains, integrating microgrids and renewable energy. It balances environmental goals with economic viability, offering practical tools for managers.

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Area of Science:

  • Operations Research
  • Supply Chain Management
  • Environmental Engineering

Background:

  • Cement supply chains face challenges with high energy use, emissions, and uncertainty.
  • Integrating renewable energy and emission controls is crucial for sustainability.
  • Existing models often struggle to address multi-objective optimization under uncertainty.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel bi-objective robust fuzzy Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model.
  • To configure a microgrid-based cement supply chain optimizing environmental and economic factors.
  • To manage uncertainty in demand, energy costs, and emission parameters.

Main Methods:

  • A bi-objective robust fuzzy MILP model was formulated.
  • Microgrids were integrated to utilize local renewable energy sources.
  • The Weighted Sum Method (WSM) was applied for Pareto-optimal solutions.
  • Robust fuzzy programming handled parameter uncertainties.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully configured a sustainable cement supply chain.
  • Sensitivity analyses identified key managerial levers like income ratio and satisfaction level.
  • The model demonstrated computational efficiency, finding solutions in under two seconds.

Conclusions:

  • The research provides a comprehensive, uncertainty-aware optimization framework for cement supply chains.
  • The proposed model offers practical decision-making support for reducing environmental impact and ensuring economic feasibility.
  • This framework addresses a critical gap in sustainable supply chain design.