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Precision Antibody Therapy in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Cancer: Targeting FGFR2b, CLDN18.2, and VEGFR2

Vivian Chetachi Eziefula Njoku1, Yein Lee1, Joytish Ramesh1

  • 1Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar.

Cells
|November 13, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Novel monoclonal antibody therapies targeting FGFR2b, CLDN18.2, and VEGFR2 pathways show promise for advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancers. These biomarker-driven treatments offer a new paradigm beyond chemotherapy, potentially improving patient survival and quality of life.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Gastric and gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinomas are aggressive malignancies with poor response to conventional chemotherapy.
  • Advanced stage diagnosis is common, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review targeted monoclonal antibody therapies for advanced G/GEJ cancers.
  • To examine mechanisms, safety, and clinical outcomes of FGFR2b, CLDN18.2, and VEGFR2 inhibitors.
  • To discuss clinical trial designs, resistance, toxicities, and personalized medicine implications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data and scientific literature on targeted agents.
  • Analysis of mechanisms of action for bemarituzumab, zolbetuximab, and ramucirumab.
  • Comparison of traditional and adaptive clinical trial designs.

Main Results:

  • Bemarituzumab (FGFR2b), zolbetuximab (CLDN18.2), and ramucirumab (VEGFR2) target key tumor progression pathways.
  • These agents demonstrate potential for improved outcomes in G/GEJ cancers.
  • Emerging challenges include therapeutic resistance and treatment-related toxicities.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted monoclonal antibodies represent a shift towards biomarker-driven immunotherapy for G/GEJ cancers.
  • These therapies hold potential to significantly improve survival and quality of life.
  • Personalized medicine approaches are crucial for optimizing treatment strategies.
Keywords:
bemarituzumabgastric cancergastroesophageal junction cancermonoclonal antibodiesramucirumabtargeted therapyzolbetuximab

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