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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement
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Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement

Published on: June 11, 2014

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Breath Isoprene Sensor Based on Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy.

Fadia Abou Naoum1, Diba Ayache1, Tarek Seoudi1

  • 1IES, Montpellier University, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new breath sensor to detect isoprene, a key biomarker for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. This technology shows promise for non-invasive disease diagnostics by measuring changes in breath isoprene levels.

Keywords:
QEPASbreath analysisisoprenephotoacoustics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Isoprene is the most abundant endogenous hydrocarbon in human breath.
  • Elevated isoprene levels are linked to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, making it a potential biomarker.
  • Accurate and sensitive detection of isoprene in breath is crucial for diagnostic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the detection of isoprene in exhaled breath using the off-beam Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS) method.
  • To evaluate the impact of interfering gases (CO2 and H2O) and optimize sensor parameters through numerical simulations.
  • To assess the sensor's performance and its ability to detect changes in breath isoprene concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized off-beam Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS).
  • Employed a homemade quantum cascade laser emitting at 11.03 μm.
  • Conducted numerical simulations to assess interfering gas effects and optimize laser modulation.
  • Performed breath measurements on healthy volunteers.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a limit of detection close to 220 parts per billion in volume (ppbv) with a 1-second acquisition time.
  • Obtained a normalized noise equivalent absorption (NNEA) of 1.1×10-8 cm-1·W·Hz-1/2.
  • Observed a significant increase in breath isoprene concentration after moderate physical exercise in healthy volunteers (from ~250-350 ppbv to ~450-650 ppbv).

Conclusions:

  • The off-beam QEPAS method enables sensitive detection of isoprene in exhaled breath.
  • The developed sensor shows potential for monitoring physiological changes reflected in breath isoprene levels.
  • This technology could pave the way for non-invasive diagnostics of metabolic and cardiovascular conditions.