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Related Concept Videos

Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

1.2K
Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
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Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

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Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff...
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Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

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The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
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Bandpass Sampling01:17

Bandpass Sampling

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In signal processing, bandpass sampling is an effective technique for sampling signals that have most of their energy concentrated within a narrow frequency band. This type of signal is known as a bandpass signal. The key principle of bandpass sampling involves sampling the signal at a rate that is greater than twice the signal's bandwidth to prevent aliasing.
A bandpass signal has a spectrum with a lower frequency limit, denoted as ω1, and an upper frequency limit, denoted as ω2....
462
Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit01:24

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit

554
Series resonance occurs in a circuit containing inductive (L), capacitive (C), and resistive (R) elements connected sequentially. At the resonance frequency, the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, effectively canceling each other. This causes the circuit's impedance is minimal, primarily determined by the resistance R. The resonant frequency of an RLC circuit is defined as:
554
Design Example01:23

Design Example

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The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
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Modified Triple-Tuned Bandpass Filter with Two Concurrently Tuned Transmission Zeros.

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Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
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Compact Microstrip Fixed-Frequency Double-Coupled Double-Tuned Filter with Selected Band Suppression.

Dariusz Wójcik1, Maciej Surma1, Mirosław Magnuski1

  • 1Department of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Microelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 13, 2025
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Summary

This study introduces a compact microstrip filter for wireless IoT sensors, featuring enhanced attenuation using radial stubs. The design achieves significant out-of-band signal suppression, crucial for reliable sensor operation.

Keywords:
band suppressiondouble-coupleddouble-tunedfixed frequency filtermicrostrip filter

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics and Microwave Engineering

Background:

  • Microstrip filters are essential components in modern wireless communication systems, particularly for Internet of Things (IoT) sensors.
  • Existing filter designs often face challenges with miniaturization and achieving sufficient out-of-band attenuation, impacting sensor performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and analyze a compact, fixed-frequency, double-inductive-coupled microstrip filter with selective band suppression.
  • To improve out-of-band attenuation and reduce dimensions for application in wireless IoT sensors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing radial stub lines as resonator elements to function as capacitors in the passband and series resonant circuits in a specific sub-band.
  • Incorporating two transmission zeros to shape the frequency response, enhance transition band steepness, and increase stopband attenuation in a chosen sub-band.
  • Deriving key equations to analyze filter properties and validate the design through simulation and experimental examination.

Main Results:

  • The proposed filter exhibits reduced dimensions compared to conventional designs.
  • Achieved insertion loss is below 1.6 dB.
  • Demonstrated out-of-band attenuation exceeding 30 dB across the entire stopband, with over 40 dB suppression in the 4.7-5.9 GHz band.
  • Successfully suppressed the U-NII 5 GHz band for a filter operating at 2.391-2.525 GHz.

Conclusions:

  • The novel microstrip filter design effectively integrates miniaturization with selective band suppression capabilities.
  • Radial stub lines and transmission zeros are key elements for enhancing filter performance, particularly out-of-band attenuation.
  • The developed filter is a viable solution for input filtering in wireless IoT sensors, offering improved performance and reduced size.