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Joint Coherent/Non-Coherent Detection for Distributed Massive MIMO: Enabling Cooperation Under Mixed Channel State

Supuni Gunasekara¹, Peter Smith², Margreta Kuijper¹

¹Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 13, 2025

Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

New detectors enable base stations (BSs) with varying channel state information (CSI) to cooperate in Beyond-5G networks. These novel approaches improve performance without requiring full CSI at all cooperating BSs.

Area of Science:

Wireless communication systems
Signal processing
Information theory

Background:

Beyond-5G networks utilize distributed massive MIMO for enhanced performance.
Cooperating base stations (BSs) face challenges with differing channel state information (CSI) availability due to constraints.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose novel signal detection methods for Beyond-5G networks with heterogeneous CSI.
To enable cooperation between BSs possessing different levels of CSI.

Main Methods:

Development of coherent/non-coherent (CNC) and differential CNC detectors.
Formulation based on the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion.
Derivation of analytical expressions for pairwise block error probabilities.

Keywords:

cell-free networks coherent detection cooperative communications distributed antenna systems massive MIMO non-coherent detection

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Main Results:

The proposed CNC detectors outperform single-BS baseline detectors.
Demonstrated resilience to mid-to-high range antenna correlation.
Achieved improved performance without requiring full CSI at all BSs.

Conclusions:

The CNC detectors effectively integrate coherent and non-coherent approaches for improved signal detection.
The proposed framework enhances cooperation in distributed massive MIMO systems with limited CSI.