Primary Retroperitoneal Cavernous Hemangioma With Extrahepatic Tissue: A Case Report and Literature Review

We present a rare case of primary retroperitoneal cavernous hemangioma, highlighting its clinical, imaging, and histological parameters.

A 54-year-old patient presented with chronic abdominal pain that had been experienced for the past six months. No notable findings were identified in the patient's medical history, clinical examination, or laboratory tests. Full imaging was performed using magnetic resonance imaging and abdominal computed tomography (CT). A mass was found in the retroperitoneal area, located posterior to the stomach and close to the splenic portal, the left lobe of the liver, and the left hemidiaphragm. CT-guided fine-needle aspiration confirmed the presence of a benign tumor, which was surgically excised. Histological and immunohistochemical investigations confirmed the presence of a retroperitoneal cavernous hemangioma with extrahepatic tissue.

Primary retroperitoneal cavernous hemangiomas are rare retroperitoneal tumors with nonspecific clinical and radiological characteristics, making diagnosis difficult. This case demonstrates the occurrence of extrahepatic tissue involvement, a feature that has been reported only exceptionally in the literature. Surgical resection is the primary treatment for symptomatic patients with a favorable prognosis, and histological examination of the surgical specimen confirms the diagnosis.