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Critical Aortic Valve Stenosis in Infants.
Christopher J Petit1, Heidi Van1
1Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Clinics in Perinatology
|November 13, 2025
Summary
Critical aortic stenosis (AS) in infants is a severe heart defect needing prompt treatment. Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) is a common intervention, but individualized care is vital for infant survival and valve function.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Cardiac Surgery
Background:
- Critical aortic stenosis (AS) is a severe congenital heart defect in infants.
- It obstructs left ventricular outflow, causing ductal-dependent systemic circulation.
- Early intervention is crucial to prevent mortality and cardiogenic shock.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the management of critical aortic stenosis in infants.
- To discuss the role of balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) and surgical options.
- To emphasize individualized treatment strategies for optimal outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of established treatments for critical AS in infants.
- Comparison of balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) and surgical valvotomy.
- Discussion of factors influencing long-term valve function and survival.
Main Results:
- Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) is increasingly favored due to its less invasive nature.
- Both BAV and surgical valvotomy are established interventions.
- High reintervention rates are noted, underscoring the need for ongoing management.
Conclusions:
- Individualized treatment based on infant anatomy and institutional expertise is key.
- Optimizing survival and long-term valve function requires tailored approaches.
- Critical AS management necessitates careful consideration of treatment options and follow-up.
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