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Published on: June 23, 2015
Comprehensive dietary patterns explain acquired cystic kidney disease risk through genetic and metabolomic mechanisms
Chenhao Xu1, Junjie Zhao1, Kan Wu1
1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney and Urologic Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Background:
Acquired renal cysts (ARC) are associated with kidney function decline, necessitating novel dietary pattern (DP) analyses in large cohorts.
Methods:
This UK Biobank prospective cohort study (2006-2010) included participants with ≥2 dietary records, excluding those with severe kidney damage. The constructed comprehensive dietary pattern integration (CDPI) utilized reduced rank regression (RRR) and latent profile analysis (LPA). ARC cases (ICD-10: N28.1) were assessed via Cox regression for risk and dose-response, with NMR metabolites examined as mediators.
Results:
Among 119,709 participants (median follow-up: 10.57 years), 850 ARC cases were identified. Lipid-rich and hyperglycemic diets increased ARC risk [e.g., HRs for G1.DP1: 1.080 (1.024, 1.139); G1.DP2: 1.144 (1.048, 1.249)], while micronutrient-rich diets showed weak protective effects [G4.DP1: 0.943 (0.892, 0.998)]. LPA confirmed RRR findings, and 7/251 NMR metabolites had significant mediating effects.
Conclusion:
Diets high in fat (cheese, butter, pizza) and sugar (chocolate, sugary drinks) elevated ARC risk, whereas micronutrient- and fiber-rich diets (vegetables, fruit, lean poultry, nuts, eggs) were protective. Key mediators included branched-chain amino acids, IGF-1, and RBC distribution width.
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