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Related Concept Videos

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis01:16

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

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After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
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Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

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Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Combined Near-infrared Fluorescent Imaging and Micro-computed Tomography for Directly Visualizing Cerebral Thromboemboli
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Covalent Organic Framework-Based Nanomotor for Thrombus Therapy.

Jie Feng1, Jian-Yu Zhao1, Shi-Peng Yang1

  • 1College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|November 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A novel Janus nanomotor, utilizing a covalent organic framework (COF) core and platelet membrane coating, effectively targets and dissolves blood clots via photothermal therapy. This nanotechnology enhances antithrombotic treatment and prevents recurrence.

Keywords:
covalent organic frameworkdual‐driven propulsionjanus nanoparticlenanomotorsthrombus therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Effective antithrombotic therapy necessitates rapid thrombus removal, but conventional nanomaterials have limitations in biodistribution and targeting.
  • Nanotechnology presents a promising avenue for developing advanced antithrombotic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a dual-driven Janus nanomotor for enhanced thrombus therapy.
  • To integrate multiple therapeutic functions including drug delivery, photothermal thrombolysis, and anti-recurrence effects.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Janus nanomotor with a covalent organic framework (COF) core, platinum shell, and platelet membrane coating.
  • Loading heparin into the porous COF structure for controlled release.
  • Utilizing near-infrared light-enhanced photothermal thrombolysis via the platinum shell's properties.
  • Evaluating thrombolytic and anticoagulant efficacy in vitro and in vivo mouse models.

Main Results:

  • The nanomotor demonstrated efficient thrombus targeting due to the platelet membrane coating.
  • Integrated heparin release and photothermal properties led to significant thrombolysis.
  • The nanomotor exhibited strong anticoagulant effects and reduced thrombus recurrence in models.
  • Successful integration of reactive oxygen species scavenging and photothermal therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) show potential as versatile nanoplatforms for advanced thrombus therapy.
  • The developed Janus nanomotor offers a multifunctional approach for vascular nanomedicine.
  • The nanomotor's design overcomes limitations of passive nanomaterials, improving therapeutic outcomes.