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In Vitro Fertilization

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Transcriptome Profiling of In-Vivo Produced Bovine Pre-implantation Embryos Using Two-color Microarray Platform

Transcriptome Profiling of In-Vivo Produced Bovine Pre-implantation Embryos Using Two-color Microarray Platform

Published on: January 30, 2017

Transcriptomic profiling reveals similarities between equine IVF and ICSI embryos.

Klaartje Broothaers¹, Alice Jouneau², Daniel Angel-Velez³

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, ReproGenT, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.

|November 14, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Equine in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) show similar gene expression in embryos. ICSI resulted in higher blastocyst rates, suggesting IVF is safe for equine reproductive studies.

Keywords:

Embryo FLASH-seq Fertilization Horse IVP Transcriptome

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Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

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Chromosome Screening of Human Preimplantation Embryos by Using Spent Culture Medium: Sample Collection and Chromosomal Ploidy Analysis

Chromosome Screening of Human Preimplantation Embryos by Using Spent Culture Medium: Sample Collection and Chromosomal Ploidy Analysis

Published on: September 7, 2021

Area of Science:

Veterinary Reproduction
Embryology
Genomics

Background:

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been the primary method for equine embryo production for 20 years.
Conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) is a newer, successful alternative for horse embryo production.
The impact of fertilization method on equine embryo quality and gene expression remains largely uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the transcriptomic profiles of equine embryos produced via ICSI versus IVF.
To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ICSI and IVF embryos.
To assess the influence of fertilization method on equine embryo development and quality.

Main Methods:

Ten sibling equine blastocysts were produced using either ICSI or IVF from three mares.
Full-Length Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing (FLASH-sequencing) was performed on the blastocysts.
Cleavage and blastocyst rates were analyzed, along with the day of blastocyst development.

Main Results:

No differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found between ICSI and IVF embryos, with 11,518 genes identified in total.
Cleavage rates were similar between IVF (55.0%) and ICSI (51.9%) zygotes.
Blastocyst rates were significantly higher following ICSI (71.4%) compared to IVF (40.9%) in cleaved zygotes (P=0.004).

Conclusions:

Equine IVF and ICSI result in similar gene expression profiles in resulting embryos.
While blastocyst rates were higher with ICSI, the similar gene expression supports the safety of equine IVF for clinical applications.
The horse serves as a relevant model for studying assisted reproductive technologies, with potential implications for human medicine.