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Arsenosugars extracted from algae: Behavior study using dispersive solid-phase extraction.

Alba Morales-Rodríguez1, Berta Vilarrúbies2, Yemna Badar2

  • 1Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Química Analítica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Campus de la Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona. Avda. Prat de la Riba, 171, 08921 Sta. Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentaria. Universitat de Barcelona (INSA-UB, Recognized as a Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence grant (CEX2021-001234-M)).

Journal of Chromatography. A
|November 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing calibration standards for arsenosugars in algae is crucial for dietary exposure assessment. This study explored dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) methods to isolate these arsenic compounds, paving the way for better analytical standards.

Keywords:
AlgaeArsenosugarsDispersive-SPEICP-MS

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Dietary exposure assessment requires accurate speciation data for arsenic compounds.
  • Arsenosugars are prevalent in algae but lack essential calibration standards.
  • This data gap impedes reliable identification and quantification of dietary arsenic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) sorbents for arsenosugar isolation.
  • To assess the retention and elution behavior of anionic arsenosugars (PO4-Sug, SO3-Sug, SO4-Sug).
  • To develop a strategy for preparing calibration standards for arsenosugar analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated SAX, PSA, and HILIC sorbents for d-SPE of arsenosugars from algae extracts.
  • Optimized parameters including extract pH, adsorption time, ionic strength, and elution solvent.
  • Analyzed eluates using ICP-MS for total arsenic and IC-ICP-MS for speciation.

Main Results:

  • SAX sorbent demonstrated the highest effectiveness, achieving ~90% arsenosugar retention.
  • Optimized elution with 0.5% ammonium formate yielded 75-88% recovery of retained arsenosugars.
  • The developed d-SPE method facilitates preconcentration for subsequent standard preparation.

Conclusions:

  • Dispersive solid-phase extraction, particularly with SAX, is a viable method for isolating arsenosugars from algae.
  • This approach addresses the critical need for preparing calibration standards for dietary arsenic exposure assessments.
  • Improved analytical methods for arsenosugars will enhance the accuracy of food safety evaluations.