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EEG-based information transfer paths during motion discrimination: Detectable differences between normal cognition

Alina Renli1,2,3, Boxin Sun2, Ming Gu2

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|November 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain effective connectivity differs between normal cognition (NC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) seniors. MCI patients show compensatory information transfer paths, highlighting brain network adaptability under cognitive decline.

Keywords:
effective connectivity/causalitymild cognitive impairmenttask‐based electroencephalography

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment can alter brain network effective connectivity.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for diagnosing and managing neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in brain effective connectivity between normal cognition (NC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) seniors.
  • To apply causalized convergent cross mapping (cCCM) to electroencephalography (EEG) data for analyzing brain network dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Task-based 64-channel EEG was recorded during a motion direction discrimination task.
  • 56 community-dwelling seniors (28 NC, 28 MCI) participated.
  • Causalized convergent cross mapping (cCCM) was used to evaluate effective connectivity between all region of interest (ROI) pairs.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with MCI showed weaker effective connectivity in some brain region pairs compared to NC individuals.
  • MCI patients exhibited increased information transfer paths in other regions, particularly frontal and temporal areas.
  • cCCM revealed effective connectivity patterns not detectable by traditional functional connectivity measures.

Conclusions:

  • The brain's communication network may employ compensatory mechanisms to counteract weakened connections in cognitive impairment.
  • Effective connectivity analysis provides deeper insights into dynamic brain interactions than functional connectivity alone.
  • Findings suggest distinct brain network strategies in NC versus MCI individuals under cognitive load.