Recent Advancements in the Research of the Mechanism by Which PPAR-γ Is Involved in Postoperative Neurocognitive...

Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) have emerged as prevalent central nervous system complications during the perioperative phase in contemporary medical practice. Despite their significance, the existing clinical diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for PND remain suboptimal, and the underlying pathogenesis continues to be a focal area of research within the realm of neurocognition. Accumulating evidence has indicated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) assumes a pivotal role in the pathogenic mechanisms and regulatory processes of PND. The PPAR-γ signaling pathway is intricately associated with multiple pathophysiological processes, including inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, β-amyloid protein (Aβ) aggregation, and aberrant phosphorylation of Tau protein. This review article comprehensively examines the role of PPAR-γ in the onset and progression of PND. By synthesizing current knowledge, it aims to provide a framework for further in-depth investigations into PND-related mechanisms centered around the PPAR-γ pathway, thereby facilitating the development of novel therapeutic strategies and diagnostic tools.