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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview01:26

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Drugs, the chemical agents used in diagnosing, treating, or preventing diseases, undergo a four-phase process of development: pharmaceutic, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic.
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Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches01:28

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Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
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A Pediatric- and Adolescent-Focused Medication Abortion Curriculum for Multidisciplinary Trainees.

Julia H Raney1,2, Chelsea A Garnett3,2, Amanda E Bryson4

  • 1Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Stanford University.

Mededportal : the Journal of Teaching and Learning Resources
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PubMed
Summary

A new medication abortion (MAB) curriculum significantly improved pediatric trainees' knowledge for adolescents and young adults (AYAs). The blended learning approach was highly rated, though intentions to provide MAB care remained unchanged.

Keywords:
AbortionAdolescent MedicineCase-Based LearningFlipped ClassroomHealth EquityInterprofessional EducationPediatricsWomen's Health

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Reproductive Health
  • Adolescent Medicine

Background:

  • Post-Roe v. Wade, 22 states restrict abortion access, impacting adolescents and young adults (AYAs).
  • Limited safe and timely access to abortion care for AYAs due to provider training gaps.
  • Absence of a dedicated medication abortion (MAB) curriculum for AYAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an AYA-focused MAB curriculum for pediatric trainees.
  • To address the gap in specialized training for providing MAB to AYAs.
  • To enhance provider knowledge and confidence in MAB care for AYAs.

Main Methods:

  • A blended learning curriculum using online modules and a workshop, designed with Kern's Six Steps.
  • Pre/post surveys assessed knowledge, values, and intentions, with qualitative analysis of open-ended responses.
  • Evaluation involved 52 learners across pediatric residents and nurse practitioner students over the 2023-2024 academic year.

Main Results:

  • Significant increase in knowledge scores post-curriculum (60% to 90%, p < .01).
  • Learner intentions to provide, refer, or advocate for MAB care did not significantly change (4.3 vs. 4.3).
  • 85% of learners rated the curriculum as excellent or outstanding; case-based learning and role-play were highly valued.

Conclusions:

  • The developed curriculum effectively improved trainees' knowledge and confidence in providing MAB for AYAs.
  • The curriculum helps trainees anticipate challenging cases in MAB provision.
  • Generalizability may be influenced by local political climate, legal restrictions, and institutional support.