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Tutorial: Hong-Ou-Mandel interference with structured photons.

Tareq Jaouni1, Xuemei Gu2, Mario Krenn2

  • 1Nexus for Quantum Technologies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, ON, Canada.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is explored for structured photons. This study provides a theoretical analysis and closed-form expressions for HOM visibility under arbitrary spatial mode measurements.

Keywords:
Hong-Ou-MandelLaugerre Gauss modesorbital angular momentumstructured photonstwo-photon interferometry

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Optics
  • Quantum Information Processing
  • Photonics

Background:

  • The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is a fundamental two-photon interference phenomenon crucial for quantum optics.
  • Existing research primarily focuses on the spectral domain, leaving a gap in understanding HOM effects with structured photons.
  • Structured photons, possessing complex spatial profiles, require detailed investigation for advanced quantum applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the HOM effect for structured photons.
  • To investigate the behavior of HOM interference under arbitrary spatial mode measurement schemes.
  • To derive analytical, closed-form expressions for HOM visibility in various measurement conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of two-photon interference for structured photons.
  • Inclusion of arbitrary spatial mode projection in quantum interference calculations.
  • Derivation of analytical expressions for HOM visibility.

Main Results:

  • A detailed theoretical framework for the HOM effect with structured photons is presented.
  • The impact of arbitrary spatial mode measurements on HOM interference outcomes is analyzed.
  • Closed-form expressions for HOM visibility are derived for different measurement scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • This work bridges the gap in understanding HOM effects for structured photons.
  • The derived expressions facilitate the application of HOM interference in quantum information processing with spatial modes.
  • The study offers a valuable theoretical resource for researchers in quantum optics and photonics.