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Episodic Neuropathic-Like Musculoskeletal Pain Associated With Ritlecitinib Therapy in Alopecia Universalis: A Case
Sumeet Bhardwaj1, Sasank Aramandla2, Affan Naveed3
1Psychiatry, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, USA.
Cureus
|November 17, 2025
Summary
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors failed to treat severe alopecia universalis in a patient with autoimmune conditions. A novel musculoskeletal pain syndrome emerged during ritlecitinib treatment, highlighting pharmacovigilance needs.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Rheumatology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Alopecia universalis is a severe form of hair loss often associated with autoimmune and atopic comorbidities.
- Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors represent a recent therapeutic advance for alopecia areata, but their efficacy and safety in extensively treatment-resistant cases remain under investigation.
- Treatment failure is defined as lack of meaningful hair regrowth after six months or adverse event-related discontinuation.