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Cryopreservation of cold-stored platelets (CSP) effectively extends shelf life without compromising essential platelet functions. This method reduces wastage and improves blood inventory management for transfusion services.

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Biopreservation

Background:

  • Extending the shelf life of platelets beyond room temperature storage is crucial for managing blood inventories.
  • Cold-stored platelets (CSP) have limited shelf life, necessitating strategies to prevent expiry and wastage.
  • Cryopreservation offers a potential method to further extend the viability of CSP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of cryopreservation on the in vitro quality of expiring cold-stored platelets (CSP).
  • To determine if freezing CSP adversely affects key platelet characteristics and functions.

Main Methods:

  • Apheresis-derived platelets were stored refrigerated (2-6°C) for 14 days as CSP.
  • CSP were then cryopreserved (-80°C with DMSO) and thawed.
  • In vitro platelet quality was assessed before freezing and after thawing, including recovery, glycoprotein expression, phosphatidylserine exposure, P-selectin expression, extracellular vesicle release, and functional assays.

Main Results:

  • Platelet recovery was slightly lower in thawed CSP (70%) compared to standard thawed platelets (77%), but remained above the 50% minimum specification.
  • Key platelet glycoproteins (GPIIIa, GPIbα, GPVI) were comparable between groups.
  • Thawed CSP showed increased P-selectin exposure but reduced phosphatidylserine externalization and extracellular vesicle release.
  • Functional parameters (PAC-1 activation, thromboelastography) were similar post-thaw, irrespective of pre-freeze storage.

Conclusions:

  • Cryopreservation is a viable strategy to further extend the shelf life of cold-stored platelets (CSP).
  • This approach can significantly reduce platelet wastage and enhance blood inventory management.
  • Preserving CSP via cryopreservation maintains critical platelet quality and function for transfusion.