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Biofilms

Biofilms

Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...

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Rethinking Biofilm Engineering and Fouling Resistance in Membrane Bioreactors.

I Gede Wenten¹

¹Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids

|November 17, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) enhance wastewater treatment through biofilm engineering and antifouling strategies. Innovations in microbial control and materials science are key to improving stability, efficiency, and sustainability.

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A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

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Published on: December 25, 2015

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Biotechnology
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) integrate biological treatment and membrane filtration for high-quality wastewater effluent.
Biofilm dynamics and membrane fouling significantly impact MBR performance and operational efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically review recent advancements in biofilm engineering for MBRs.
To examine novel antifouling strategies, including material-based and biological methods.
To identify key challenges and future research directions for sustainable MBR technology.

Main Methods:

Review of recent literature on biofilm engineering and antifouling in MBRs.
Analysis of microbial community modulation, quorum quenching, and hydrodynamic control for biofilm stability.
Evaluation of material-based approaches (e.g., multifunctional surfaces) and biocontrol strategies for fouling mitigation.

Main Results:

Recent advances focus on microbial community modulation and quorum quenching to enhance biofilm stability.
Material-based strategies and biocontrol methods show promise in mitigating membrane fouling.
Operational challenges include energy consumption, cleaning frequency, and membrane aging.

Conclusions:

Integrating innovations in biofilm engineering and antifouling is crucial for robust and resource-efficient MBRs.
Future research should focus on materials design, microbial ecology, and real-time system optimization.
Advancements are essential for aligning MBR technology with circular economy principles.