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Facial Transplants in Xenopus laevis Embryos

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Published on: March 26, 2014

Reductive Genioplasty for Facial Feminization Surgery.

Eric Bao¹, Stephanie Rothberg², Emily Orsino²

¹Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Northwell Health.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

|November 17, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

In situ reductive genioplasty offers a safer alternative for facial feminization surgery, reducing complications like infection and revision rates compared to traditional plating methods.

Keywords:

Facial feminization surgery gender affirming surgery genioplasty

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Area of Science:

Plastic Surgery
Facial Feminization Surgery

Background:

Feminine chins are narrower and more rounded than masculine chins.
Traditional genioplasty involves central wedge excision and fixation.
A reductive genioplasty technique aims to narrow the chin without rigid fixation.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the outcomes of in situ reductive genioplasty with traditional three-piece genioplasty with plating.
To evaluate complication rates and revision needs for both techniques.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 178 patients undergoing genioplasty for facial feminization.
Patients were divided into two groups: three-piece genioplasty with plating (n=136) and in situ reductive genioplasty (n=42).
Both techniques utilized virtual surgical planning (VSP) guides.

Main Results:

The plating group experienced 7.4% abscess and 1.5% osteomyelitis rates; the reductive group had zero infections.
The plating group required revision surgery in 12.5% of cases, while the reductive group had no revisions (P=0.008).
Both groups had one instance of hematoma.

Conclusions:

In situ reductive genioplasty may be a superior alternative for facial feminization.
This technique potentially leads to fewer post-operative complications and higher patient satisfaction.
Eliminating rigid fixation in reductive genioplasty reduces infection and revision risks.