Plant derived nanovesicles and their clinical applications.

Area of Science:

• Plant biology
• Biotechnology
• Nanomedicine

Background:

• Plants produce extracellular vesicles and nanovesicles with diverse components like proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
• These plant-derived nanovesicles mirror the composition of their parent cells and tissues.
• They are found in various plant sources, including apoplastic fluid, phloem sap, and plant cultures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential biomedical and cosmetic applications of plant-derived nanovesicles.
• To highlight the challenges and future directions for translating these findings into clinical settings.
• To emphasize the need for identifying specific bioactive compounds and optimizing production.

Main Methods:

• Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles from plant sources.
• Analysis of the molecular composition of plant-derived nanovesicles.
• Review of preclinical studies on therapeutic and cosmetic applications.

Main Results:

• Plant-derived nanovesicles possess components suitable for drug delivery, therapeutics (e.g., anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer), and regenerative medicine.
• Emerging applications in the cosmetics industry are being explored.
• Preclinical studies indicate significant potential, but human trials are lacking.

Conclusions:

• Plant-derived nanovesicles are promising biomaterials for pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
• Key challenges include precise identification of bioactive compounds and human efficacy studies.
• Scalable, cost-effective production protocols are essential for clinical translation.