Microjet homogenization enables high efficiency liquid phase exfoliation of graphene

The remarkable properties of graphene have generated significant interest in its scalable production. However, achieving efficient, stable, and high-quality exfoliation remains a challenge due to strong interlayer van der Waals forces. This study investigates microjet homogenization as a scalable method for the large-scale liquid-phase exfoliation of graphene. By systematically evaluating the effects of solid content, dispersant concentration, homogenization pressure, chamber configuration, and cycle number, we identify optimal process parameters for high-quality graphene dispersion. Results reveal that a solid content of 2 wt%, a dispersant-to-graphite ratio of 30%-50%, and a homogenizing pressure of 150 MPa using a Z + Y tandem chamber produce few-layer graphene flakes (< 10 layers) with uniform particle size and stable dispersion. The findings offer a practical framework for large-scale graphene production with optimized energy efficiency and dispersion performance.