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Carrier Transport01:21

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Upper bounded current fluctuations in one-dimensional driven transport systems.

Jiayin Gu1, Fan Zhang2,3

  • 1Nanjing Normal University, School of Physics and Technology, Nanjing 210023, China.

Physical Review. E
|November 18, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Current fluctuations in one-dimensional driven transport systems have an upper bound related to particle interactions. This finding applies to both near-equilibrium and far-from-equilibrium systems with weak interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Quantum Transport

Background:

  • One-dimensional driven transport systems are crucial for understanding energy and charge transfer.
  • Characterizing fluctuations is key to comprehending system dynamics and emergent behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conjecture and investigate an upper bound for current fluctuations in 1D driven transport systems.
  • To explore the origins of this bound in particle interactions and system equilibrium conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a coarse-grained model for particle exchange between reservoirs.
  • Rigorous mathematical proof in quantum ballistic transport.
  • Numerical validation in diffusive systems like the exclusion process and charged-particle transport.

Main Results:

  • A universal upper bound for current fluctuations is proposed, dependent on mean current and driving force.
  • The bound is shown to be approachable in systems with repulsive interactions, near and far from equilibrium.
  • The inequality is rigorously proven for quantum ballistic transport and supported by numerical evidence in diffusive systems.

Conclusions:

  • The conjectured upper bound provides a fundamental limit on current fluctuations in 1D driven transport.
  • Repulsive interactions play a critical role in establishing this fluctuation-dissipation-like relation.
  • The findings have implications for diverse physical systems exhibiting driven transport phenomena.