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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Ultradilute Bose-Bose mixtures exhibit complex behavior due to quantum fluctuations.
  • Spin-orbit coupling and Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) corrections significantly impact condensate stability and nonlinear dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate ground states and vortex excitations in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with LHY correction under rotation.
  • Analyze the influence of spin-orbit coupling, LHY correction, and rotation on condensate phases and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical treatment of spin-orbit coupled BECs with LHY correction in a rotating potential.
  • Determination of phase transition conditions, effective mass, and quadrupole surface modes.
  • Prediction of vortex states (unpolarized and polarized).

Main Results:

  • Stable isotropic and anisotropic ground states are found in zero-momentum and plane wave phases.
  • Anisotropic ground states persist near the phase boundary.
  • Spatially dependent and asymmetric effective mass due to spin-orbit coupling leads to distinct quadrupole modes and vortex excitations.
  • LHY correction favors unpolarized vortices in the zero-momentum phase; spin-orbit coupling favors polarized vortices in the plane wave phase.

Conclusions:

  • Spin-orbit coupling and LHY correction interplay to control phase transitions and vortex excitation in rotating BECs.
  • The system's behavior, including ground states and vortex properties, is tunable via spin-orbit coupling, Raman coupling, LHY correction, and external potentials.