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Vortex phase transition in spin-orbit coupled Lee-Huang-Yang condensates
Hai-Bin Tang1, Ning Yue1, Jiang-Peng Yao1
1Northwest Normal University, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Physical Review. E
|November 18, 2025
Summary
Spin-orbit coupling and Lee-Huang-Yang corrections influence ultradilute Bose-Bose mixtures. This study explores ground states and vortex excitations in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing tunable phase transitions and distinct vortex behaviors.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Condensed matter physics
Background:
- Ultradilute Bose-Bose mixtures exhibit complex behavior due to quantum fluctuations.
- Spin-orbit coupling and Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) corrections significantly impact condensate stability and nonlinear dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate ground states and vortex excitations in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with LHY correction under rotation.
- Analyze the influence of spin-orbit coupling, LHY correction, and rotation on condensate phases and stability.
Main Methods:
- Analytical treatment of spin-orbit coupled BECs with LHY correction in a rotating potential.
- Determination of phase transition conditions, effective mass, and quadrupole surface modes.
- Prediction of vortex states (unpolarized and polarized).
Main Results:
- Stable isotropic and anisotropic ground states are found in zero-momentum and plane wave phases.
- Anisotropic ground states persist near the phase boundary.
- Spatially dependent and asymmetric effective mass due to spin-orbit coupling leads to distinct quadrupole modes and vortex excitations.
- LHY correction favors unpolarized vortices in the zero-momentum phase; spin-orbit coupling favors polarized vortices in the plane wave phase.
Conclusions:
- Spin-orbit coupling and LHY correction interplay to control phase transitions and vortex excitation in rotating BECs.
- The system's behavior, including ground states and vortex properties, is tunable via spin-orbit coupling, Raman coupling, LHY correction, and external potentials.
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